Madagascar is an island country in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of Southeast Africa. Its official name is the Republic of Madagascar, and it was previously known as the Malagasy Republic. The country is made up of the island of Madagascar and several smaller peripheral islands. Madagascar split from the Indian peninsula around 88 million years ago, following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, allowing native plants and animals to evolve in relative isolation.
But now, Madagascar anthropogenic climate change has led to a series of droughts in the Malagasy islands. This is partly due to deforestation, which decreases rainfall because it reduces evapotranspiration. The forest loss also contributes directly to warming the environment, since the low albedo of deforested landscapes enhances the absorption of solar radiation.
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